Unlike Antarctica, the Arctic region is mostly this, covered by ice that expands in winter and shrinks in summer.

This phenomenon experienced in the Arctic during summer means the sun never sets and there are 24 hours of daylight.

This island territory of Denmark holds the world's second-largest ice sheet and is experiencing rapid melting due to climate change.

This frozen layer of ground beneath the Arctic tundra remains frozen year-round and releases greenhouse gases when it thaws.

The Arctic Circle is located at approximately this degree of latitude.

Antarctica is this type of landform covered by a thick ice sheet.

This world's largest floating ice shelf, found in Antarctica and about the size of France, is a major geographic feature of the continent.

Antarctica is home to this flightless bird that lives along its coasts and surrounding ocean.

Antarctica is unique among continents because it has no permanent population and is governed by this international agreement.

These mountains divide Antarctica into East and West Antarctica.

These indigenous people of Canada, Greenland, and Alaska traditionally hunted seals and whales.

This type of shelter was traditionally used by the people of Canada's Central Arctic and the Qaanaaq area of Greenland.

These indigenous people of northern Scandinavia are traditionally known for herding reindeer across the Arctic tundra.

These indigenous people of northern Russia live in portable tents made from reindeer hides and migrate seasonally with their herds.

Utqiaġvik, the northernmost city in the United States, is home primarily to people from this indigenous group.

This iconic Arctic animal relies on sea ice to hunt its main food source: seals.

This Arctic bird makes the animal kingdom's longest migration, flying over 44,000 miles each year between the Arctic and Antarctica.

This small white animal of the Arctic tundra changes its fur color from white in winter to brown or gray in summer as camouflage.

As warming temperatures push grizzly bears further north into the Arctic, rare hybrid animals called these have begun appearing.

These large animals roam the Arctic tundra in the summer, feeding on moss and small shrubs that grow when permafrost partially thaws.

This phenomenon causes the Arctic to warm at about twice the rate of the rest of the world.

Melting ice in the polar regions contributes to this global environmental problem that threatens coastal cities worldwide.

As the Arctic warms, melting sea ice is opening new routes for ships traveling between Asia and the West through this passage.

Scientists discovered a hole in this layer of the atmosphere above Antarctica, but international efforts to ban harmful chemicals have allowed it to slowly recover.

When permafrost thaws, it releases this greenhouse gas into the atmosphere, which makes climate change worse.

This Norwegian explorer was the first to successfully navigate the Northwest Passage in 1906 and also the first to reach the South Pole in 1911.

This famous natural phenomena draws many visitors to the Arctic to see it.

This African American explorer made seven voyages to the Arctic and is believed to have been the first person to actually set foot at the North Pole.

This is the world's northernmost settlement with over 1,000 people, located on the Norwegian island of Svalbard.

These specially designed ships have reinforced hulls to break through sea ice and keep shipping routes open year-round.